BS in Genetics and Biotechnology
(60 hours*)

Program Requirements    |    View MAP

1. Complete the following core courses:
   CHEM 105 : General College Chemistry. (4:5:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   CHEM 105 : General College Chemistry. (4:5:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
   PREREQUISITE:	Math 110 (or equivalent) or concurrent enrollment.
   DESCRIPTION:	Atomic and molecular structure including bonding and periodic properties of the elements; reaction energetics, electrochemistry, acids and bases, inorganic and organic chemistry.
   NOTE:	Primarily for students in engineering and biological sciences. Three lectures and two recitation sections per week.
   
   
   CHEM 106 : General College Chemistry. (3:4:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   CHEM 106 : General College Chemistry. (3:4:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Summer
   PREREQUISITE:	CHEM 105; or CHEM 111
   DESCRIPTION:	Continuation of Chem 105 but covering most of the topics in a more quantitative way. Detailed treatment of thermodynamics and equilibria.
   NOTE:	Three lectures and one recitation section per week.
   
   
   CHEM 107 : General College Chemistry Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   CHEM 107 : General College Chemistry Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
   PREREQUISITE:	Chem 106 or Chem 112 or concurrent enrollment.
   DESCRIPTION:	Chemical properties, chemical reactions, collection and interpretation of data, preparation of reports.
   NOTE:	Required for most students needing one year of general chemistry.
   
   
   MMBIO 240 : Molecular Biology. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   MMBIO 240 : Molecular Biology. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
   PREREQUISITE:	PDBIO 120 & CHEM 105
   DESCRIPTION:	Fundamentals of protein and nucleic acid structure and their function in the context of the classical experiments that have informed our current models of biology at the molecular level.
   
   
   MMBIO 241 : Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   MMBIO 241 : Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
   PREREQUISITE:	MMBio 240 or concurrent enrollment.
   DESCRIPTION:	Molecular and cellular biology techniques laboratory.
   
   
   PDBIO 120 : Science of Biology. (2:2:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   PDBIO 120 : Science of Biology. (2:2:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   OFFERED:	Honors also
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Summer
   DESCRIPTION:	General biology course designed for biological science majors, emphasizing the scientific method, cell theory, biochemical unity, the central dogma, bioenergetics, reproduction, and evolutionary theory.
   
   
   PDBIO 360 : Cell Biology. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   PDBIO 360 : Cell Biology. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
   PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 240
   DESCRIPTION:	Fundamentals of cell structure and function with reference to analytical methods used by cell biologists. Practice in designing, executing, and interpreting relative experiments.
   
   
   PWS 310 : Mentored Laboratory Techniques. (2:.5:1.5)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   PWS 310 : Mentored Laboratory Techniques. (2:.5:1.5)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter
   PREREQUISITE:	CHEM 107
   DESCRIPTION:	Mentored, systematic instruction in basic biotechnology techniques and their application in addressing molecular genetic research questions.
   
   
   PWS 340 : Genetics. (2:2:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   PWS 340 : Genetics. (2:2:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
   PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 240
   DESCRIPTION:	Genetic mechanisms, their fundamental nature, interactions, and applications to human affairs. Genetics in quantitative terms. Extensive practice in problem solving.
   
   
   PWS 390R Genomic Data and Computers.
   PWS 390R : Special Topics in Plant and Wildlife Sciences. (1-3:Arr.:Arr.)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter
   DESCRIPTION:	Current topics in plant and wildlife sciences.
   
   
   PWS 468 : (PWS-Bio-MMBio) Genomics. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   PWS 468 : (PWS-Bio-MMBio) Genomics. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter
   PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 240 & PWS 340
   DESCRIPTION:	Current analysis of genes and genomes; computational and statistical approaches for analyzing genomic data, including genome sequencing and annotation, gene expression and the transcriptome, proteomics and functional genomics, and genetic variation and SNPs.
   
   
   PWS 488 : Readings in Biotechnology. (2:2:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   PWS 488 : Readings in Biotechnology. (2:2:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
   PREREQUISITE:	PWS 340 & PDBIO 360
   RECOMMENDED:	PWS 440 or PDBio 362.
   DESCRIPTION:	Capstone course for the genetics and biotechnology major focusing on scientific literature relating to the biotechnological improvement of plants, animals, and microbes.
   NOTE:	Course should be taken the last year before graduation.
   
   
   
   And complete one of the following:
   MATH 112 : Calculus 1. (4:5:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   MATH 112 : Calculus 1. (4:5:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   OFFERED:	Honors also.
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
   PREREQUISITE:	Math 110 and 111 or equivalent.
   DESCRIPTION:	Differential and integral calculus: limits; continuity; the derivative and applications; extrema; the definite integral; fundamental theorem of calculus; L'Hopital's rule.
   
             : Honors Calculus 1.
   
   
   MATH 119 : Introduction to Calculus. (4:4:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   MATH 119 : Introduction to Calculus. (4:4:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
   PREREQUISITE:	Math 110 or equivalent.
   DESCRIPTION:	Introduction to plane analytic geometry and calculus.
   NOTE:	For students in the College of Life Sciences and the Marriott School of Management.
   
   
2. Complete 27 hours from one of the following tracks:

   1. Plant Genetics and biotechnology core track:
      1. Complete the following:
         BIO 420 : Evolutionary Biology. (2:2:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         BIO 420 : Evolutionary Biology. (2:2:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
         PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 240 & PWS 340
         RECOMMENDED:	Concurrent enrollment in Bio 421.
         DESCRIPTION:	Intensive examination of evolution as the conceptual cornerstone of biology.
         
         
         CHEM 351 : Organic Chemistry. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         CHEM 351 : Organic Chemistry. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
         PREREQUISITE:	CHEM 105; or CHEM 111
         DESCRIPTION:	Chemical bonds and molecular structure, conformation and configuration, functional classes, reactions and mechanisms, syntheses.
         NOTE:	Primarily for majors in chemical engineering and the biological sciences.
         
         
         CHEM 352 : Organic Chemistry. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         CHEM 352 : Organic Chemistry. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
         PREREQUISITE:	CHEM 351
         DESCRIPTION:	Continuation of Chem 351.
         
         
         CHEM 481 : Biochemistry 1. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         CHEM 481 : Biochemistry 1. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
         PREREQUISITE:	CHEM 352M & PDBIO 120; or CHEM 352 & PDBIO 120
         DESCRIPTION:	First-semester biochemistry. Molecular components of cells, chemical structure and function, enzymes, metabolic transformations, photosynthesis.
         NOTE:	For chemistry majors and students in biological sciences who contemplate pursuing advanced degrees, including medicine.
         
         
         PWS 100 : Living with Plants. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         PWS 100 : Living with Plants. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter
         DESCRIPTION:	Physiological, morphological, and ecological characteristics of plants used for food, fiber, and aesthetic enhancement.
         
         
         PWS 440 : Plant Physiology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         PWS 440 : Plant Physiology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
         PREREQUISITE:	GE Biological Science requirement; college chemistry
         RECOMMENDED:	Chem 285; or 351, 352.
         DESCRIPTION:	Photosynthesis, respiration, water relations, mineral nutrition, growth of flowering plants.
         
         
         PWS 485 : Plant Breeding and Biotechnology. (2:2:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         PWS 485 : Plant Breeding and Biotechnology. (2:2:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
         PREREQUISITE:	PWS 340
         DESCRIPTION:	Introduction to modern plant improvement through selective breeding and application of plant biotechnology.
         
         
         PWS 494R : Mentored Learning Experience. (1-6:ARR:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         PWS 494R : Mentored Learning Experience. (1-6:ARR:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
         DESCRIPTION:	Topics vary.
         NOTE:	Registration required for mentored experiences.
         
                   : Biotechnology Laboratory.
                   : Plant Physiology Laboratory.
                   : Environmental Science Laboratory.
                   : Soil, Plant, and Water Science Laboratory.
                   : Environmental Science Field Techniques.
                   : Plant and Soil Science Field Techniques.
                   : Plant Breeding Field Techniques.
                   : Plant Tissue Culture and Transformation Techniques.
                   : Plant Cytogenetics Laboratory.
                   : Animal Cytogenetics Laboratory.
                   : Plant Cell Biology Laboratory.
                   : Analytical Techniques in Plant Biology.
                   : Environmental Science Computation Laboratory.
                   : Molecular Genetics and Gene Mapping Laboratory.
                   : Plant and Animal Genomics Laboratory.
                   : Analytical Techniques in Soil Science.
                   : Animal Genetics and Breeding Techniques.
                   : Soil Physical Properties Laboratory.
                   : Soil and Water Chemistry Laboratory.
                   : Animal Reproductive Research Laboratory.
                   : Field Techniques in Environmental Soil Research.
                   : Soil Microbiology Laboratory.
                   : Plant ID / URME Team.
         
         
         (2 hours required

      2. Complete an additional 6 hours from the general major electives list below.

   2. Animal genetics and biotechnology core track:
      1. Complete the following:
         BIO 420 : Evolutionary Biology. (2:2:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         BIO 420 : Evolutionary Biology. (2:2:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
         PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 240 & PWS 340
         RECOMMENDED:	Concurrent enrollment in Bio 421.
         DESCRIPTION:	Intensive examination of evolution as the conceptual cornerstone of biology.
         
         
         CHEM 351 : Organic Chemistry. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         CHEM 351 : Organic Chemistry. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
         PREREQUISITE:	CHEM 105; or CHEM 111
         DESCRIPTION:	Chemical bonds and molecular structure, conformation and configuration, functional classes, reactions and mechanisms, syntheses.
         NOTE:	Primarily for majors in chemical engineering and the biological sciences.
         
         
         CHEM 352 : Organic Chemistry. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         CHEM 352 : Organic Chemistry. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
         PREREQUISITE:	CHEM 351
         DESCRIPTION:	Continuation of Chem 351.
         
         
         CHEM 481 : Biochemistry 1. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         CHEM 481 : Biochemistry 1. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
         PREREQUISITE:	CHEM 352M & PDBIO 120; or CHEM 352 & PDBIO 120
         DESCRIPTION:	First-semester biochemistry. Molecular components of cells, chemical structure and function, enzymes, metabolic transformations, photosynthesis.
         NOTE:	For chemistry majors and students in biological sciences who contemplate pursuing advanced degrees, including medicine.
         
         
         PDBIO 482 : Developmental Biology. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         PDBIO 482 : Developmental Biology. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter
         PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 240 & MMBIO 241 & PDBIO 360
         RECOMMENDED:	PDBio 325.
         DESCRIPTION:	Invertebrate and vertebrate developmental biology. Embryonic gastrulation, neurulation, pattering, etc. Modern approaches and research strategies. Emphasizes gene function, cell signaling, signal transduction during embryogenesis.
         
         
      2. Complete one of the following:
         BIO 380 : Comparative Animal Physiology and Anatomy. (4:3:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         BIO 380 : Comparative Animal Physiology and Anatomy. (4:3:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
         PREREQUISITE:	Bio 220A or instructor's consent.
         DESCRIPTION:	Structure and function of animal organ systems; structural and physiological responses to demands of and changes in environment; evolutionary constraints on anatomy and physiology.
         
         
         PDBIO 362 : Advanced Physiology. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         PDBIO 362 : Advanced Physiology. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
         PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 240 & PHSCS 106; or MMBIO 240 & PHSCS 220
         DESCRIPTION:	Integrated approach to organ system and cellular physiology. Problem solving/calculations.
         NOTE:	Requires background in chemistry and molecular biology. Students without this background should take PDBio 305.
         
         
      3. Complete two credit hours from one of the following:
         BIO 494R : Mentored Research. (1-6:0:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         BIO 494R : Mentored Research. (1-6:0:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
         PREREQUISITE:	Supervisor's consent.
         DESCRIPTION:	Independent student research under faculty supervision.
         
                   : Aquatic Biology.
                   : Bioinformatics.
                   : Ecology.
                   : Electron Microscopy.
                   : Entomology.
                   : Evolution.
                   : Marine Biology.
                   : Plant Biology.
                   : Systematics.
                   : Veterinary Science.
                   : Medicinal Botany.
                   : Plant Biochemistry.
                   : Fungal Biology.
         
         
         CHEM 497R : Undergraduate Special Problems. (.5-6:ARR:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         CHEM 497R : Undergraduate Special Problems. (.5-6:ARR:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
         PREREQUISITE:	Instructor's consent and Chem 201 or concurrent enrollment or special safety training.
         DESCRIPTION:	Undergraduate research experience.
         
         
         MMBIO 494R : Mentored Research. (.5-3:ARR:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         MMBIO 494R : Mentored Research. (.5-3:ARR:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
         PREREQUISITE:	Mentor's consent.
         DESCRIPTION:	Mentored research.
         
         
         NDFS 494R : Undergraduate Research in Nutrition, Dietetics, or Food Science. (1-3:0:9)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         NDFS 494R : Undergraduate Research in Nutrition, Dietetics, or Food Science. (1-3:0:9)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter
         PREREQUISITE:	Instructor's and department chair's consent; 14 hours of nutrition, dietetics, and food science courses.
         DESCRIPTION:	Mentored research experience or library thesis.
         
         
         PDBIO 494R : Undergraduate Research in Physiology and Developmental Biology. (1-4:ARR:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         PDBIO 494R : Undergraduate Research in Physiology and Developmental Biology. (1-4:ARR:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
         DESCRIPTION:	Basic (entry level) research laboratory experience for students interested in physiology and developmental biology.
         
         
         PWS 494R : Mentored Learning Experience. (1-6:ARR:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         PWS 494R : Mentored Learning Experience. (1-6:ARR:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
         DESCRIPTION:	Topics vary.
         NOTE:	Registration required for mentored experiences.
         
                   : Biotechnology Laboratory.
                   : Plant Physiology Laboratory.
                   : Environmental Science Laboratory.
                   : Soil, Plant, and Water Science Laboratory.
                   : Environmental Science Field Techniques.
                   : Plant and Soil Science Field Techniques.
                   : Plant Breeding Field Techniques.
                   : Plant Tissue Culture and Transformation Techniques.
                   : Plant Cytogenetics Laboratory.
                   : Animal Cytogenetics Laboratory.
                   : Plant Cell Biology Laboratory.
                   : Analytical Techniques in Plant Biology.
                   : Environmental Science Computation Laboratory.
                   : Molecular Genetics and Gene Mapping Laboratory.
                   : Plant and Animal Genomics Laboratory.
                   : Analytical Techniques in Soil Science.
                   : Animal Genetics and Breeding Techniques.
                   : Soil Physical Properties Laboratory.
                   : Soil and Water Chemistry Laboratory.
                   : Animal Reproductive Research Laboratory.
                   : Field Techniques in Environmental Soil Research.
                   : Soil Microbiology Laboratory.
                   : Plant ID / URME Team.
         
         
      4. Complete an additional 7–8 hours from the general major electives list below.

   3. Microbial genetics and biotechnology core track:
      1. Complete the following:
         BIO 420 : Evolutionary Biology. (2:2:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         BIO 420 : Evolutionary Biology. (2:2:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
         PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 240 & PWS 340
         RECOMMENDED:	Concurrent enrollment in Bio 421.
         DESCRIPTION:	Intensive examination of evolution as the conceptual cornerstone of biology.
         
         
         CHEM 351 : Organic Chemistry. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         CHEM 351 : Organic Chemistry. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
         PREREQUISITE:	CHEM 105; or CHEM 111
         DESCRIPTION:	Chemical bonds and molecular structure, conformation and configuration, functional classes, reactions and mechanisms, syntheses.
         NOTE:	Primarily for majors in chemical engineering and the biological sciences.
         
         
         CHEM 352 : Organic Chemistry. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         CHEM 352 : Organic Chemistry. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
         PREREQUISITE:	CHEM 351
         DESCRIPTION:	Continuation of Chem 351.
         
         
         CHEM 481 : Biochemistry 1. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         CHEM 481 : Biochemistry 1. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
         PREREQUISITE:	CHEM 352M & PDBIO 120; or CHEM 352 & PDBIO 120
         DESCRIPTION:	First-semester biochemistry. Molecular components of cells, chemical structure and function, enzymes, metabolic transformations, photosynthesis.
         NOTE:	For chemistry majors and students in biological sciences who contemplate pursuing advanced degrees, including medicine.
         
         
         MMBIO 151 : Introduction to Microbiology. (4:3:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         MMBIO 151 : Introduction to Microbiology. (4:3:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Summer
         PREREQUISITE:	Chem 105 or concurrent enrollment.
         DESCRIPTION:	Principles of prokaryotic biology emphasizing cell structure, function, and metabolism. Introduction to bacterial genetics, microbial diversity, and microbial ecology.
         
         
         MMBIO 460 : Microbial Genetics. (4:3:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         MMBIO 460 : Microbial Genetics. (4:3:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
         PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 240
         DESCRIPTION:	How DNA governs complex bacterial functions. Classical and modern approaches to gene discovery, including genetic screens, gene mapping, targeted genetic manipulations, and analyzing gene activity.
         
         
         MMBIO 461 : Advanced Bacterial Physiology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         MMBIO 461 : Advanced Bacterial Physiology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
         PREREQUISITE:	CHEM 481 & MMBIO 151
         DESCRIPTION:	Principles of prokaryotic physiology, including cell structure and function, gene regulation, and biochemical processes; focusing on the unique aspects of prokaryotic biology.
         
         
      2. Complete two credit hours from one of the following:
         MMBIO 494R : Mentored Research. (.5-3:ARR:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         MMBIO 494R : Mentored Research. (.5-3:ARR:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
         PREREQUISITE:	Mentor's consent.
         DESCRIPTION:	Mentored research.
         
         
         PWS 494R : Mentored Learning Experience. (1-6:ARR:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         PWS 494R : Mentored Learning Experience. (1-6:ARR:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
         DESCRIPTION:	Topics vary.
         NOTE:	Registration required for mentored experiences.
         
                   : Biotechnology Laboratory.
                   : Plant Physiology Laboratory.
                   : Environmental Science Laboratory.
                   : Soil, Plant, and Water Science Laboratory.
                   : Environmental Science Field Techniques.
                   : Plant and Soil Science Field Techniques.
                   : Plant Breeding Field Techniques.
                   : Plant Tissue Culture and Transformation Techniques.
                   : Plant Cytogenetics Laboratory.
                   : Animal Cytogenetics Laboratory.
                   : Plant Cell Biology Laboratory.
                   : Analytical Techniques in Plant Biology.
                   : Environmental Science Computation Laboratory.
                   : Molecular Genetics and Gene Mapping Laboratory.
                   : Plant and Animal Genomics Laboratory.
                   : Analytical Techniques in Soil Science.
                   : Animal Genetics and Breeding Techniques.
                   : Soil Physical Properties Laboratory.
                   : Soil and Water Chemistry Laboratory.
                   : Animal Reproductive Research Laboratory.
                   : Field Techniques in Environmental Soil Research.
                   : Soil Microbiology Laboratory.
                   : Plant ID / URME Team.
         
         
      3. Complete an additional 2 hours from the general major electives list below.

   4. Bio-business core track:
      1. Complete the following:
         ACC 200 : Principles of Accounting. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         ACC 200 : Principles of Accounting. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         OFFERED:	Independent Study also.
         DESCRIPTION:	Financial and managerial accounting principles. Basic accounting statements, processes, and management applications. Open to all students.
         
         
         BUS M 201 : Financial Management. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         BUS M 201 : Financial Management. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
         PREREQUISITE:	Acc 200 or equivalent.
         DESCRIPTION:	Financial statement analysis, financial planning, sources of financing, working capital management, risk and return, and valuation.
         NOTE:	For non-management majors.
         
         
         BUS M 488 : Agribusiness Management 1. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         BUS M 488 : Agribusiness Management 1. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
         PREREQUISITE:	ACC 200 & ECON 110; Bus M 201 or 241 or concurrent enrollment.
         DESCRIPTION:	Concepts, tools, and approaches to understanding competitive forces and the development of sustainable competitive advantage for firms in the food, fiber, and horticulture industries.
         
         
         CHEM 285 : Introductory Bio-organic Chemistry. (4:4:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         CHEM 285 : Introductory Bio-organic Chemistry. (4:4:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
         PREREQUISITE:	Chem 101 or equivalent.
         DESCRIPTION:	Principles of organic chemistry and biochemistry relating to biomolecule structure and function.
         
         
         ORG B 221 : Organizational Effectiveness. (3:Arr:2)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         ORG B 221 : Organizational Effectiveness. (3:Arr:2)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         OFFERED:	Independent Study also.
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
         DESCRIPTION:	Theories and concepts for creating effective organizations, e.g., individual, group, and organizational processes and human resource functions, including selection, compensation, and performance management.
         NOTE:	Taught online.
         
         
      2. Complete one of the following:
         BUS M 241 : Marketing Management. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         BUS M 241 : Marketing Management. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         OFFERED:	Independent Study also.
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
         DESCRIPTION:	Marketing's role in society and the firm, marketing opportunities, the consumer market, and management of marketing mix.
         NOTE:	For non-management majors.
         
         
         BUS M 489 : Agribusiness Management 2. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         BUS M 489 : Agribusiness Management 2. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
         PREREQUISITE:	BUS M 241; Acc 200 (or equivalent), Econ 110 (or equivalent).
         DESCRIPTION:	Developing and implementing marketing plans and programs for companies participating in the value chain of agribusiness industries.
         
         
      3. Complete one of the following:
         BUS M 371R : Entrepreneurship Lecture Series. (1:1:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         BUS M 371R : Entrepreneurship Lecture Series. (1:1:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
         DESCRIPTION:	Lectures by successful entrepreneurs on subjects significant to entrepreneur-type opportunities.
         
         
         BUS M 380 : Executive Lectures. (1:1:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         BUS M 380 : Executive Lectures. (1:1:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
         
         WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
         DESCRIPTION:	Lectures by top executives on subjects significant to executive leadership.
         
         
      4. Complete an additional 7 hours from the general major electives list below.

General Major Electives:

BIO 220A : Biological Diversity: Animals. (4:3:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

BIO 220A : Biological Diversity: Animals. (4:3:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter
PREREQUISITE:	PDBIO 120
DESCRIPTION:	Comparative organization and evolutionary significance of morphological, physiological, reproductive, and ecological differences in invertebrates and vertebrates. Laboratory included.


BIO 220B : Biological Diversity: Plants. (4:3:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

BIO 220B : Biological Diversity: Plants. (4:3:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter
PREREQUISITE:	PDBIO 120
DESCRIPTION:	Comparative organization and evolutionary significance of morphological, physiological, reproductive, and ecological differences in fungi, algae, and principal groups of land plants. Laboratory included.


BIO 350 : Ecology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

BIO 350 : Ecology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
PREREQUISITE:	PDBIO 120
DESCRIPTION:	Distribution and abundance of organisms and their interactions with the physical and biotic components of the earth.


BIO 365 : Computational Biology. (3:2:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

BIO 365 : Computational Biology. (3:2:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
PREREQUISITE:	C S 240
DESCRIPTION:	Computational analysis of DNA data; introduction to bioinformatics databasing using Perl and SQL; configuration of UNIX workstations for bioinformatics analyses.


BIO 370 : Bioethics. (2:1:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

BIO 370 : Bioethics. (2:1:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter
PREREQUISITE:	Introductory biology course.
DESCRIPTION:	In-depth lecture and small group discussion of varied bioethical issues. LDS Church positions emphasized when appropriate.


BIO 420 : Evolutionary Biology. (2:2:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

BIO 420 : Evolutionary Biology. (2:2:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 240 & PWS 340
RECOMMENDED:	Concurrent enrollment in Bio 421.
DESCRIPTION:	Intensive examination of evolution as the conceptual cornerstone of biology.


BIO 421 : Evolutionary Biology Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

BIO 421 : Evolutionary Biology Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 240
DESCRIPTION:	Hands-on applications and analytical tools of evolutionary biology; emphasizing inference methodology and evidence complementing the theoretical constructs introduced in Bio 520, including comparative anatomy, phylogenetic inference, population genetics, species concepts, and human evolution.
NOTE:	Concurrent enrollment with Bio 420 is strongly recommended.


BIO 430 : Plant Classification. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

BIO 430 : Plant Classification. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
PREREQUISITE:	Bio 220B or instructor's consent.
DESCRIPTION:	General principles of taxonomy and classification, emphasizing family identification and use of keys to the temperate flora.


BIO 450 : Conservation Biology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

BIO 450 : Conservation Biology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
PREREQUISITE:	BIO 220A & BIO 350; or BIO 220B & BIO 350
DESCRIPTION:	Scientific principles of conservation: applying population genetics, and phylogenetic and ecological theory to preservation of biological diversity; developing sustainable ecological systems compatible with human resource use.


BIO 465 : Bioinformatics. (3:2:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

BIO 465 : Bioinformatics. (3:2:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 240
DESCRIPTION:	3-D protein structural comparisons, hidden Markov models for database comparisons, homology detection, multiple sequence analyses, and protein family comparisons. Exercises in computer programming in genomics.


BIO 560 : Population Genetics. (4:4:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

BIO 560 : Population Genetics. (4:4:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter Odd Yrs.
PREREQUISITE:	Bio 420 or equivalent.
DESCRIPTION:	Basic principles of population genetics applied to natural populations; drift, selection, and nonrandom mating; inferring population subdivision, migration, and gene flow.


CHEM 353 : Organic Chemistry Laboratory--Nonmajors. (1-2:0:6)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

CHEM 353 : Organic Chemistry Laboratory--Nonmajors. (1-2:0:6)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
PREREQUISITE:	Chem 352 or concurrent enrollment (preferred).
DESCRIPTION:	Physical and chemical properties, isolation and purification, characterization, syntheses.
NOTE:	For predentistry, premedicine, and other majors who do not intend to take Chem 455.


MMBIO 221 : General Microbiology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

MMBIO 221 : General Microbiology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

OFFERED:	Honors also.
WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
PREREQUISITE:	Any chemistry course and any biology course.
DESCRIPTION:	Microbial world, emphasizing communicable diseases, their causes and control.
NOTE:	Recommended for students seeking a liberal education in microbiology who do not have the prerequisites to take the more advanced courses.


MMBIO 361 : Infection and Immunity. (4:4:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

MMBIO 361 : Infection and Immunity. (4:4:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
PREREQUISITE:	CHEM 105; PDBio 120 or MMBio 221 or equivalent.
DESCRIPTION:	Principles of infectious organisms (principally bacteria and viruses), the diseases they cause, and the role of host immune responses in health and disease.


MMBIO 390R : Readings in Molecular Biology. (1:1:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

MMBIO 390R : Readings in Molecular Biology. (1:1:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
PREREQUISITE:	PDBIO 360
DESCRIPTION:	Selected readings in molecular biology.


MMBIO 430 : Advanced Cell Biology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

MMBIO 430 : Advanced Cell Biology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
PREREQUISITE:	PDBIO 360; Bioscience major status.
DESCRIPTION:	Molecular genetics, cell biology, and developmental biology.


MMBIO 441 : Advanced Molecular Biology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

MMBIO 441 : Advanced Molecular Biology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 240 & CHEM 352
DESCRIPTION:	Molecular biology of gene structure and expression in prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.


MMBIO 442 : Advanced Molecular Biology Laboratory. (2:0:6)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

MMBIO 442 : Advanced Molecular Biology Laboratory. (2:0:6)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter
PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 241; MMBio 441 or concurrent enrollment.
DESCRIPTION:	Laboratory to accompany MMBio 441.


MMBIO 460 : Microbial Genetics. (4:3:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

MMBIO 460 : Microbial Genetics. (4:3:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 240
DESCRIPTION:	How DNA governs complex bacterial functions. Classical and modern approaches to gene discovery, including genetic screens, gene mapping, targeted genetic manipulations, and analyzing gene activity.


MMBIO 461 : Advanced Bacterial Physiology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

MMBIO 461 : Advanced Bacterial Physiology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
PREREQUISITE:	CHEM 481 & MMBIO 151
DESCRIPTION:	Principles of prokaryotic physiology, including cell structure and function, gene regulation, and biochemical processes; focusing on the unique aspects of prokaryotic biology.


MMBIO 462 : Microbial Ecology. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

MMBIO 462 : Microbial Ecology. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 151 & PDBIO 120
DESCRIPTION:	Natural history of a microbe; its distribution and abundance. Critical influence of scale and perspective in determining underlying mechanisms.


MMBIO 463 : Immunology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

MMBIO 463 : Immunology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter
PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 240 & MMBIO 361
DESCRIPTION:	Advanced concepts of immunological processes.


MMBIO 464 : Bacterial Pathogenesis. (4:3:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

MMBIO 464 : Bacterial Pathogenesis. (4:3:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 361
DESCRIPTION:	Fundamental principles of bacterial pathogenesis, emphasizing the molecular interactions of medically important bacteria and their hosts.


MMBIO 465 : Virology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

MMBIO 465 : Virology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter
PREREQUISITE:	MMBio 361 or equivalent.
DESCRIPTION:	Basic principles of virology, emphasizing selected molecular aspects of virus life cycles and disease processes.


MMBIO 466 : Virology Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

MMBIO 466 : Virology Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 361; MMBio 465 or concurrent enrollment.
DESCRIPTION:	Laboratory exercises illustrating in vitro behavior of selected viruses. Developing laboratory skills for virus studies.


MMBIO 467 : Immunology Lab. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

MMBIO 467 : Immunology Lab. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 361; MMBio 463 or concurrent enrollment.
DESCRIPTION:	Laboratory exercises in advanced concepts of immunological processes.


MMBIO 490R : Molecular Biology Seminar. (1:1:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

MMBIO 490R : Molecular Biology Seminar. (1:1:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter
PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 441; Senior status.
DESCRIPTION:	Critical examination of current literature and research in molecular biology.


NDFS 330 : Comparative Animal Nutrition. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

NDFS 330 : Comparative Animal Nutrition. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
DESCRIPTION:	Comparative digestion, absorption, and utilization of nutrients and nutritional applications of domestic, pet, and wildlife species.


PDBIO 325 : Tissue Biology (with lab). (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PDBIO 325 : Tissue Biology (with lab). (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter
PREREQUISITE:	PDBIO 120 & PDBIO 220
DESCRIPTION:	Human anatomy and histology; function of cells in tissue; early stages of embryology.
NOTE:	Course should be taken during a student's second or third year and before courses in physiology and developmental biology.


PDBIO 363 : Advanced Physiology Laboratory. (1:.5:1.5)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PDBIO 363 : Advanced Physiology Laboratory. (1:.5:1.5)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
PREREQUISITE:	PDBio 362 or concurrent enrollment; or instructor's consent.
DESCRIPTION:	Experiments and exercises in advanced physiology emphasizing human physiology. Computer simulations of muscle function, endocrine disease, and human physiology. Emphasizes problem solving and calculations.


PDBIO 482 : Developmental Biology. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PDBIO 482 : Developmental Biology. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter
PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 240 & MMBIO 241 & PDBIO 360
RECOMMENDED:	PDBio 325.
DESCRIPTION:	Invertebrate and vertebrate developmental biology. Embryonic gastrulation, neurulation, pattering, etc. Modern approaches and research strategies. Emphasizes gene function, cell signaling, signal transduction during embryogenesis.


PDBIO 562 : Reproductive Physiology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PDBIO 562 : Reproductive Physiology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
PREREQUISITE:	PDBio 362 or equivalent.
RECOMMENDED:	Chem 481, PDBio 482; or equivalents.
DESCRIPTION:	Mammalian reproductive physiology.


PDBIO 582 : Developmental Genetics. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PDBIO 582 : Developmental Genetics. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
PREREQUISITE:	PDBio 482 or equivalent.
DESCRIPTION:	Gene function and regulation during cell specification and differentiation, pattern formation, and organogenesis in developing embryo.


PWS 100 : Living with Plants. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 100 : Living with Plants. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter
DESCRIPTION:	Physiological, morphological, and ecological characteristics of plants used for food, fiber, and aesthetic enhancement.


PWS 199R : Academic Internship. (.5-3:ARR:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 199R : Academic Internship. (.5-3:ARR:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
PREREQUISITE:	Consent of both department chair and internship coordinator.
DESCRIPTION:	Work experience evaluated by supervisor and posted on student's transcript.


PWS 282 : Introduction to Soil Science. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 282 : Introduction to Soil Science. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter
PREREQUISITE:	PWS 283 or concurrent enrollment.
DESCRIPTION:	Physical, chemical and microbiological properties of soils that affect plant growth in natural, agricultural, and urban environments.


PWS 283 : Introduction to Soil Science Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 283 : Introduction to Soil Science Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter
PREREQUISITE:	PWS 282 or concurrent enrollment.
DESCRIPTION:	Laboratory techniques in determining soil physical, chemical, and fertility properties.


PWS 301 : Plant Growth and Reproduction. (3:2:2)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 301 : Plant Growth and Reproduction. (3:2:2)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
PREREQUISITE:	PWS 100 or equivalent.
DESCRIPTION:	Scientific principles of plant propagation by seeds, cuttings, budding and grafting, and tissue culture.


PWS 305 : Soils and Water Quality. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 305 : Soils and Water Quality. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
PREREQUISITE:	PWS 282 & CHEM 105; or PWS 282 & CHEM 101; PWS 100 or equivalent; Math 110 or equivalent.
DESCRIPTION:	Principles and practices of safe management of agricultural and urban wastes; amendments and nutrients including remediation methods for conservation of soils and water quality.


PWS 306 : Soil Fertility and Plant Nutrition Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 306 : Soil Fertility and Plant Nutrition Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
PREREQUISITE:	PWS 305 or concurrent enrollment.
DESCRIPTION:	Laboratory for studying nutrient-supplying power of soils, nutrient deficiencies and toxicities, and plant adaptation to nutritional stresses.


PWS 331 : Science of Plant Pest Control. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 331 : Science of Plant Pest Control. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
PREREQUISITE:	PWS 100, 282; or equivalents.
DESCRIPTION:	Identifying important insect, disease, and weed pest problems. Pest classification, biology, and methods of control.


PWS 391R : Careers in Plant and Wildlife Sciences. (.5-2:Arr.:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 391R : Careers in Plant and Wildlife Sciences. (.5-2:Arr.:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
DESCRIPTION:	Current information on internships, career options, and employment preparation skills in the plant and wildlife sciences.

          : Careers in Genetics and Biotechnology.
          : Careers in Environmental Science.
          : Careers in Landscape Management.
          : Careers in Wildlife and Wildlands.


PWS 431 : Integrated Management of Plant Pests. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 431 : Integrated Management of Plant Pests. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
PREREQUISITE:	PWS 100 & PWS 282 & PWS 331
DESCRIPTION:	Diagnosing, identifiying, and managing of weed, insect, and disease problems in plants. Integrated pest management solutions. Proper pesticide management and safety.


PWS 494R : Mentored Learning Experience. (1-6:ARR:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 494R : Mentored Learning Experience. (1-6:ARR:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
DESCRIPTION:	Topics vary.
NOTE:	Registration required for mentored experiences.

          : Biotechnology Laboratory.
          : Plant Physiology Laboratory.
          : Environmental Science Laboratory.
          : Soil, Plant, and Water Science Laboratory.
          : Environmental Science Field Techniques.
          : Plant and Soil Science Field Techniques.
          : Plant Breeding Field Techniques.
          : Plant Tissue Culture and Transformation Techniques.
          : Plant Cytogenetics Laboratory.
          : Animal Cytogenetics Laboratory.
          : Plant Cell Biology Laboratory.
          : Analytical Techniques in Plant Biology.
          : Environmental Science Computation Laboratory.
          : Molecular Genetics and Gene Mapping Laboratory.
          : Plant and Animal Genomics Laboratory.
          : Analytical Techniques in Soil Science.
          : Animal Genetics and Breeding Techniques.
          : Soil Physical Properties Laboratory.
          : Soil and Water Chemistry Laboratory.
          : Animal Reproductive Research Laboratory.
          : Field Techniques in Environmental Soil Research.
          : Soil Microbiology Laboratory.
          : Plant ID / URME Team.


PWS 514 : Soil Microbiology. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 514 : Soil Microbiology. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter Odd Yrs.
PREREQUISITE:	Chem 105 and 106; or equivalents.
DESCRIPTION:	Ecology and role of soil microorganisms in biogeochemical cycles, decomposition of organic matter and waste materials, and bioremediation of contaminated soils and water.


PWS 559 : Molecular Plant Breeding. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 559 : Molecular Plant Breeding. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall Odd Yrs.
PREREQUISITE:	PWS 265, 340, 485, 586, PDBio 360; or equivalents; PWS 494R or concurrent enrollment.
DESCRIPTION:	Molecular genetics methods applied to improvement of economically important plants. Theory and methods of plant transformations.


PWS 575 : Plant Pathology. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 575 : Plant Pathology. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall Odd Yrs.
PREREQUISITE:	PWS 100 or Bio 131; PWS 331 or MMBio 240; or equivalents.
DESCRIPTION:	Concepts associated with symptoms, development, control, and classification of plant diseases.


PWS 586 : Plant Cell Biology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 586 : Plant Cell Biology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall Even Yrs.
PREREQUISITE:	PDBio 360, PWS 340, 440; or equivalents.
DESCRIPTION:	Molecular aspects of the structural and functional characteristics of plant cells, emphasizing characteristics of plant cells setting them apart from animal cells.


STAT 121 : Principles of Statistics. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

STAT 121 : Principles of Statistics. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

OFFERED:	Independent Study also; Honors also.
WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
RECOMMENDED:	MATH 110 or equivalent.
DESCRIPTION:	Stemplots, boxplots, histograms, scatterplots; central tendency, variability; confidence intervals and hypothesis testing involving one and two means and proportions; contingency tables, simple linear regression.

          : Honors Principles of Statistics.

Recommended Courses

For preprofessional students in tracks A, B, or C above:
ACC 200 : Principles of Accounting. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

ACC 200 : Principles of Accounting. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

OFFERED:	Independent Study also.
DESCRIPTION:	Financial and managerial accounting principles. Basic accounting statements, processes, and management applications. Open to all students.


BUS M 201 : Financial Management. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

BUS M 201 : Financial Management. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
PREREQUISITE:	Acc 200 or equivalent.
DESCRIPTION:	Financial statement analysis, financial planning, sources of financing, working capital management, risk and return, and valuation.
NOTE:	For non-management majors.


PHSCS 105 : Introductory Applied Physics. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PHSCS 105 : Introductory Applied Physics. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
PREREQUISITE:	High school algebra and trigonometry.
RECOMMENDED:	Concurrent enrollment in Phscs 107.
DESCRIPTION:	Applied physics course not requiring calculus. Topics include mechanics, heat, wave motion, sound.


PHSCS 106 : Introductory Applied Physics. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PHSCS 106 : Introductory Applied Physics. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Summer
PREREQUISITE:	Phscs 105 or equivalent.
RECOMMENDED:	Concurrent enrollment in Phscs 108.
DESCRIPTION:	Continuation of Phscs 105. Topics include electricity and magnetism, atomic and nuclear physics, and optics.


PHSCS 107 : Introductory Applied Physics Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PHSCS 107 : Introductory Applied Physics Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
PREREQUISITE:	Phscs 105 or concurrent enrollment.


PHSCS 108 : Introductory Applied Physics Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PHSCS 108 : Introductory Applied Physics Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Summer
PREREQUISITE:	Phscs 106 or concurrent enrollment



For graduate school preparation in biotechnology:
PHSCS 105 : Introductory Applied Physics. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PHSCS 105 : Introductory Applied Physics. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
PREREQUISITE:	High school algebra and trigonometry.
RECOMMENDED:	Concurrent enrollment in Phscs 107.
DESCRIPTION:	Applied physics course not requiring calculus. Topics include mechanics, heat, wave motion, sound.


PHSCS 106 : Introductory Applied Physics. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PHSCS 106 : Introductory Applied Physics. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Summer
PREREQUISITE:	Phscs 105 or equivalent.
RECOMMENDED:	Concurrent enrollment in Phscs 108.
DESCRIPTION:	Continuation of Phscs 105. Topics include electricity and magnetism, atomic and nuclear physics, and optics.


PHSCS 107 : Introductory Applied Physics Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PHSCS 107 : Introductory Applied Physics Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
PREREQUISITE:	Phscs 105 or concurrent enrollment.


PHSCS 108 : Introductory Applied Physics Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PHSCS 108 : Introductory Applied Physics Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Summer
PREREQUISITE:	Phscs 106 or concurrent enrollment



For students seeking employment in the biotech industry:
PWS 199R : Academic Internship. (.5-3:ARR:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 199R : Academic Internship. (.5-3:ARR:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
PREREQUISITE:	Consent of both department chair and internship coordinator.
DESCRIPTION:	Work experience evaluated by supervisor and posted on student's transcript.



GE courses for bio-business students seeking a Marriott School of Management minor:
ECON 110 : Economic Principles and Problems. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

ECON 110 : Economic Principles and Problems. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

OFFERED:	Honors also.
WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
DESCRIPTION:	Strengths and weaknesses of markets and governments for solving problems of social organization or conflict, including policy response to inflation, unemployment, pollution, poverty, growth, etc.
NOTE:	This course is part of a GE Mosaic. See ge.byu.edu/mosaic-list for more information.

          : Honors Economic Principles and Problems.


STAT 121 : Principles of Statistics. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

STAT 121 : Principles of Statistics. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

OFFERED:	Independent Study also; Honors also.
WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
RECOMMENDED:	MATH 110 or equivalent.
DESCRIPTION:	Stemplots, boxplots, histograms, scatterplots; central tendency, variability; confidence intervals and hypothesis testing involving one and two means and proportions; contingency tables, simple linear regression.

          : Honors Principles of Statistics.

*Hours include courses that may fulfill university core requirements.

Show all Plant and Wildlife Sciences (PWS) Courses