BS in Environmental Science
(59–60 hours*)

Program Requirements    |    View MAP

1. Complete the following environmental science core courses:
   PWS 150 : Environmental Biology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   PWS 150 : Environmental Biology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Summer
   DESCRIPTION:	Conservation and management of natural resources concurrent with increasing socioeconomic and human population demands; factors such as soil, water, and air pollution, resources management, bioremediation, nutrient cycles, and global climate changes
   NOTE:	This course is part of a GE Mosaic. See ge.byu.edu/mosaic-list for more information.
   
   
   Course Outcomes
   
   
   
   PWS 282 : Introduction to Soil Science. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   PWS 282 : Introduction to Soil Science. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter
   PREREQUISITE:	PWS 283 or concurrent enrollment.
   DESCRIPTION:	Physical, chemical and microbiological properties of soils that affect plant growth in natural, agricultural, and urban environments.
   
   
   Course Outcomes
   
   
   
   PWS 283 : Introduction to Soil Science Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   PWS 283 : Introduction to Soil Science Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter
   PREREQUISITE:	PWS 282 or concurrent enrollment.
   DESCRIPTION:	Laboratory techniques in determining soil physical, chemical, and fertility properties.
   
   
   Course Outcomes
   
   
   
   PWS 305 : Soils and Water Quality. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   PWS 305 : Soils and Water Quality. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
   PREREQUISITE:	PWS 282 & CHEM 105; or PWS 282 & CHEM 101; PWS 100 or equivalent; Math 110 or equivalent.
   DESCRIPTION:	Principles and practices of safe management of agricultural and urban wastes; amendments and nutrients including remediation methods for conservation of soils and water quality.
   
   
   Course Outcomes
   
   
   
   PWS 345 : Air Quality and Pollution. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   PWS 345 : Air Quality and Pollution. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
   DESCRIPTION:	Origin, effects, ecology, and management of major atmospheric pollutants - current topics in air quality, methods for quantifying pollutants and assessing air quality, and policy and management principles governing air as a natural resource.
   
   
   Course Outcomes
   
   
   
   PWS 365 : Environmental Microbiology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   PWS 365 : Environmental Microbiology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
   RECOMMENDED:	Chem 101 or 105; PDBio 120; PWS 150.
   DESCRIPTION:	Environmental microbiology in aquatic and terrestrial systems. Detecting, enumerating, and identifying microorganisms. Bioremediation of organic and metal pollutants. Microbial-mediated transformations in nutrient cycling. Spread of pathogens.
   
   
   Course Outcomes
   
   
   
   PWS 366 : Environmental Microbiology Lab. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   PWS 366 : Environmental Microbiology Lab. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
   PREREQUISITE:	PWS 365 or concurrent enrollment.
   RECOMMENDED:	Chem 101 or 105; PDBio 120; PWS 150.
   DESCRIPTION:	Laboratory and field techniques. Detecting, enumerating, and identifying microorganisms via microscopic and cultural assays. Microbial transformation and responses to pollutants. Detecting techniques evaluating coliforms and fecal coliforms, viruses, and parasites.
   
   
   Course Outcomes
   
   
   
   PWS 375 : Environmental Policies and Laws. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   PWS 375 : Environmental Policies and Laws. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
   DESCRIPTION:	Inception, current state, and future directions of seminal environmental policies and laws established in the US to improve environmental quality. Application of policies and laws in resource conservation and management, including a National Environmental Policy Act certification program.
   
   
   Course Outcomes
   
   
   

   And complete 1 hour of the following:

   PWS 391R Careers in Environmental Science.
   PWS 391R : Careers in Plant and Wildlife Sciences. (.5-2:Arr.:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
   DESCRIPTION:	Current information on internships, career options, and employment preparation skills in the plant and wildlife sciences.
   
             : Careers in Environmental Science. (1:1:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
             : Careers in Landscape Management.
             : Careers in Wildlife and Wildlands.
   
   
   Course Outcomes
   
   
   

2. Complete the following biology courses:
   BIO 350 : Ecology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   BIO 350 : Ecology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
   PREREQUISITE:	PDBIO 120
   DESCRIPTION:	Distribution and abundance of organisms and their interactions with the physical and biotic components of the earth.
   
   
   Course Outcomes
   
   
   
   or
   PWS 350 : Rangeland Ecology. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   PWS 350 : Rangeland Ecology. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
   PREREQUISITE:	BIO 100; or PDBIO 120
   DESCRIPTION:	Distribution and abundance of organisms and their interactions with the physical and biotic components of the earth emphasizing rangeland ecosystems.
   
   
   Course Outcomes
   
   
   
   PDBIO 120 : Science of Biology. (2:2:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   PDBIO 120 : Science of Biology. (2:2:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   OFFERED:	Honors also
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Summer
   DESCRIPTION:	General biology course designed for biological science majors, emphasizing the scientific method, cell theory, biochemical unity, the central dogma, bioenergetics, reproduction, and evolutionary theory.
   
   
   Course Outcomes
   
   
   
3. Complete one course from the following:
   BIO 450 : Conservation Biology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   BIO 450 : Conservation Biology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
   PREREQUISITE:	BIO 220A & BIO 350; or BIO 220B & BIO 350
   DESCRIPTION:	Scientific principles of conservation: applying population genetics, and phylogenetic and ecological theory to preservation of biological diversity; developing sustainable ecological systems compatible with human resource use.
   
   
   Course Outcomes
   
   
   
   PWS 199R : Academic Internship. (.5-3:ARR:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   PWS 199R : Academic Internship. (.5-3:ARR:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
   PREREQUISITE:	Consent of both department chair and internship coordinator.
   DESCRIPTION:	Work experience evaluated by supervisor and posted on student's transcript.
   
   
   Course Outcomes
   
   
   
   (2 hours required).
   PWS 494R : Mentored Learning Experience. (1-6:ARR:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   PWS 494R : Mentored Learning Experience. (1-6:ARR:ARR)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
   
   WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
   DESCRIPTION:	Topics vary.
   NOTE:	Registration required for mentored experiences.
   
             : Biotechnology Laboratory.
             : Plant Physiology Laboratory.
             : Environmental Science Laboratory.
             : Soil, Plant, and Water Science Laboratory.
             : Environmental Science Field Techniques.
             : Plant and Soil Science Field Techniques.
             : Plant Breeding Field Techniques.
             : Plant Tissue Culture and Transformation Techniques.
             : Plant Cytogenetics Laboratory.
             : Animal Cytogenetics Laboratory.
             : Plant Cell Biology Laboratory.
             : Analytical Techniques in Plant Biology.
             : Environmental Science Computation Laboratory.
             : Molecular Genetics and Gene Mapping Laboratory.
             : Plant and Animal Genomics Laboratory.
             : Analytical Techniques in Soil Science.
             : Animal Genetics and Breeding Techniques.
             : Soil Physical Properties Laboratory.
             : Soil and Water Chemistry Laboratory.
             : Animal Reproductive Research Laboratory.
             : Field Techniques in Environmental Soil Research.
             : Soil Microbiology Laboratory.
             : Plant ID / URME Team.
   
   
   Course Outcomes
   
   
   
   (2 hours required).
4. Complete at least 6 hours from either of the two following groups:
   • CHEM 105 : General College Chemistry. (4:5:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
     
     CHEM 105 : General College Chemistry. (4:5:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
     

     WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
     PREREQUISITE:	Math 110 (or equivalent) or concurrent enrollment.
     DESCRIPTION:	Atomic and molecular structure including bonding and periodic properties of the elements; reaction energetics, electrochemistry, acids and bases, inorganic and organic chemistry.
     NOTE:	Primarily for students in engineering and biological sciences. Three lectures and two recitation sections per week.

     
     

     Course Outcomes

     
     
     
     CHEM 106 : General College Chemistry. (3:4:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
     
     CHEM 106 : General College Chemistry. (3:4:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
     

     WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Summer
     PREREQUISITE:	CHEM 105; or CHEM 111
     DESCRIPTION:	Continuation of Chem 105 but covering most of the topics in a more quantitative way. Detailed treatment of thermodynamics and equilibria.
     NOTE:	Three lectures and one recitation section per week.

     
     

     Course Outcomes

     
     
     
     CHEM 107 : General College Chemistry Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
     
     CHEM 107 : General College Chemistry Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
     

     WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
     PREREQUISITE:	Chem 106 or Chem 112 or concurrent enrollment.
     DESCRIPTION:	Chemical properties, chemical reactions, collection and interpretation of data, preparation of reports.
     NOTE:	Required for most students needing one year of general chemistry.

     
     

     Course Outcomes

     
     
     
     CHEM 351 : Organic Chemistry. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
     
     CHEM 351 : Organic Chemistry. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
     

     WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
     PREREQUISITE:	CHEM 105; or CHEM 111
     DESCRIPTION:	Chemical bonds and molecular structure, conformation and configuration, functional classes, reactions and mechanisms, syntheses.
     NOTE:	Primarily for majors in chemical engineering and the biological sciences.

     
     

     Course Outcomes

     
     
     
   
   
   • CHEM 101 : Introductory General Chemistry. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
     
     CHEM 101 : Introductory General Chemistry. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
     

     WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
     PREREQUISITE:	Math 97 or equivalent.
     DESCRIPTION:	Atomic and molecular structure, periodic relationships, states of matter, chemical reactions and stoichiometry, acids and bases.
     NOTE:	Primarily for nonscience majors who require a broad introduction to general chemistry.

     
     

     Course Outcomes

     
     
     
     CHEM 103 : Introductory Chemistry Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
     
     CHEM 103 : Introductory Chemistry Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
     

     PREREQUISITE:	Chem 101 or concurrent enrollment or equivalent.
     DESCRIPTION:	Introductory laboratory techniques required for simple classical experiments in chemistry.

     
     

     Course Outcomes

     
     
     
     CHEM 285 : Introductory Bio-organic Chemistry. (4:4:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
     
     CHEM 285 : Introductory Bio-organic Chemistry. (4:4:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
     

     WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
     PREREQUISITE:	Chem 101 or equivalent.
     DESCRIPTION:	Principles of organic chemistry and biochemistry relating to biomolecule structure and function.

     
     

     Course Outcomes

     
     
     
   
   

   Note: Recommended courses for graduate school and for toxicology, soil, and water tracks: Chem 105, 106, 107, 351, 352, 353.

5. Complete 25 hours from the following list of general electives. The list is organized into suggested career tracks that students may find useful, but students may choose any combination of the courses listed below to fulfill their 25 hours.

Health and Ecotoxicology Core Track:
• Complete the following:
  CHEM 351 : Organic Chemistry. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  CHEM 351 : Organic Chemistry. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
  PREREQUISITE:	CHEM 105; or CHEM 111
  DESCRIPTION:	Chemical bonds and molecular structure, conformation and configuration, functional classes, reactions and mechanisms, syntheses.
  NOTE:	Primarily for majors in chemical engineering and the biological sciences.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  CHEM 352 : Organic Chemistry. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  CHEM 352 : Organic Chemistry. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
  PREREQUISITE:	CHEM 351
  DESCRIPTION:	Continuation of Chem 351.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  CHEM 353 : Organic Chemistry Laboratory--Nonmajors. (1-2:0:6)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  CHEM 353 : Organic Chemistry Laboratory--Nonmajors. (1-2:0:6)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
  PREREQUISITE:	Chem 352 or concurrent enrollment (preferred).
  DESCRIPTION:	Physical and chemical properties, isolation and purification, characterization, syntheses.
  NOTE:	For predentistry, premedicine, and other majors who do not intend to take Chem 455.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  MMBIO 261 : Infection and Immunity. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  MMBIO 261 : Infection and Immunity. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
  DESCRIPTION:	Principles of infectious organisms (principally bacteria and viruses), the diseases they cause, and the role of host immune responses in health and disease.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  PDBIO 362 : Advanced Physiology. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  PDBIO 362 : Advanced Physiology. (3:3:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
  PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 240 & PHSCS 106; or MMBIO 240 & PHSCS 220
  DESCRIPTION:	Integrated approach to organ system and cellular physiology. Problem solving/calculations.
  NOTE:	Requires background in chemistry and molecular biology. Students without this background should take PDBio 305.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  PDBIO 363 : Advanced Physiology Laboratory. (1:.5:1.5)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  PDBIO 363 : Advanced Physiology Laboratory. (1:.5:1.5)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
  PREREQUISITE:	PDBio 362 or concurrent enrollment; or instructor's consent.
  DESCRIPTION:	Experiments and exercises in advanced physiology emphasizing human physiology. Computer simulations of muscle function, endocrine disease, and human physiology. Emphasizes problem solving and calculations.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  PDBIO 365 : Pathophysiology. (4:4:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  PDBIO 365 : Pathophysiology. (4:4:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
  PREREQUISITE:	PDBIO 305; or PDBIO 362
  DESCRIPTION:	Variations in physiological mechanisms that account for development of common disturbances in normal control and activities of body's organs and organ systems.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
• Complete an additional 7 hours from the general major electives list below.

Soil Science and Conservation Core Track:
• Complete the following:
  CHEM 285 : Introductory Bio-organic Chemistry. (4:4:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  CHEM 285 : Introductory Bio-organic Chemistry. (4:4:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
  PREREQUISITE:	Chem 101 or equivalent.
  DESCRIPTION:	Principles of organic chemistry and biochemistry relating to biomolecule structure and function.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  GEOG 306 : Public Land Conservation. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  GEOG 306 : Public Land Conservation. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
  PREREQUISITE:	Geog 100, 101; or instructor's consent.
  DESCRIPTION:	Environmental and social geography of public lands; analyzing historical, planning, management, and ecological issues.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  PWS 303 : Soils Conservation and Resources. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  PWS 303 : Soils Conservation and Resources. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
  PREREQUISITE:	PWS 282 & CHEM 105; or PWS 282 & CHEM 101; PWS 100 or equivalent; Math 110 or equivalent.
  RECOMMENDED:	Geol 111.
  DESCRIPTION:	Taxonomy of world soils; conservation and management of agricultural, wildland, wetland, and urban soils.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  PWS 306 : Soil Fertility and Plant Nutrition Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  PWS 306 : Soil Fertility and Plant Nutrition Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
  PREREQUISITE:	PWS 305 or concurrent enrollment.
  DESCRIPTION:	Laboratory for studying nutrient-supplying power of soils, nutrient deficiencies and toxicities, and plant adaptation to nutritional stresses.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  PWS 402 : Urban Soils and Water. (4:4:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  PWS 402 : Urban Soils and Water. (4:4:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
  PREREQUISITE:	PWS 100 & PWS 282
  DESCRIPTION:	Principles of water management, soil physics, and soil fertility used in a problem-solving environment addressing current challenges in managing soils and water in the urban landscape.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
• Complete an additional 10 hours from the general major electives list below. (Recommended for advanced students: PWS 511, 514, 520, and/or 560.)

Water Resources and Conservation Core Track:
• Complete the following:
  CHEM 285 : Introductory Bio-organic Chemistry. (4:4:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  CHEM 285 : Introductory Bio-organic Chemistry. (4:4:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
  PREREQUISITE:	Chem 101 or equivalent.
  DESCRIPTION:	Principles of organic chemistry and biochemistry relating to biomolecule structure and function.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  GEOL 111 : Physical Geology. (4:3:2)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  GEOL 111 : Physical Geology. (4:3:2)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter
  DESCRIPTION:	Materials, structure, and surface features of the earth and the geologic processes involved in their development. Field trips and lab studies, use of aerial photos.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  GEOL 435 : Introduction to Groundwater. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  GEOL 435 : Introduction to Groundwater. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
  PREREQUISITE:	GEOL 111; or GEOL 330; Math 110 or equivalent.
  DESCRIPTION:	Introduction to the occurrence, movement, and properties of subsurface water; surface and groundwater relationships.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  PWS 325 : Fisheries and Wetlands Management. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  PWS 325 : Fisheries and Wetlands Management. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall Odd Yrs.
  RECOMMENDED:	PWS 225 or equivalent.
  DESCRIPTION:	Principles of fisheries and wetlands mangement, emphasizing managing fish populations and their diverse micro- and macro-habitats within the context of community and ecosystem dynamics. Case studies and models used to evaluate growth, recruitments, and mortality in age-structured populations in relationship to the dynamics of watershed and wetland landscapes.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  PWS 402 : Urban Soils and Water. (4:4:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  PWS 402 : Urban Soils and Water. (4:4:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
  PREREQUISITE:	PWS 100 & PWS 282
  DESCRIPTION:	Principles of water management, soil physics, and soil fertility used in a problem-solving environment addressing current challenges in managing soils and water in the urban landscape.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  PWS 411 : Watershed Management. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  PWS 411 : Watershed Management. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter Even Yrs.
  PREREQUISITE:	BIO 350
  DESCRIPTION:	Processes and management of the hydrologic cycle of forests and rangelands.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
• Complete an additional 4 hours from the general major electives list below. (Recommended for advanced students: PWS 511, 514, Bio 556 and/or Bio 557.)

Ecology Core Track:
• Complete the following:
  PWS 215 : Principles of Range Management. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  PWS 215 : Principles of Range Management. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
  DESCRIPTION:	Overview of rangeland resources and management principles, including rangeland classification, multiple use management, natural resource policy, and grazing management.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  PWS 344 : Natural History of Wildlife. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  PWS 344 : Natural History of Wildlife. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter Odd Yrs.
  RECOMMENDED:	PWS 225 or equivalent.
  DESCRIPTION:	Wildlife species and their habitats, including ecology, life histories, adaptations, behavior, genetics and population viability variables, and the ethics of global stewardship. Field trips required.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  PWS 355 : Rangeland Vegetation Measurements and Analysis. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  PWS 355 : Rangeland Vegetation Measurements and Analysis. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
  DESCRIPTION:	Field methodologies for vegetation inventories and analysis (density, biomass, cover, frequency, utilization, etc.) in wildland settings.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  PWS 417 : Rangeland Planning and GIS. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  PWS 417 : Rangeland Planning and GIS. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
  RECOMMENDED:	PWS 215, 225, 350.
  DESCRIPTION:	Development of a multiple-use natural resource plan for watershed forestry, recreation, wildlife, and livestock. Policies that govern planning and conflict resolution.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  PWS 419 : Forest Management and Ecology. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  PWS 419 : Forest Management and Ecology. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall Even Yrs.
  DESCRIPTION:	Managing forests, emphasizing ecosystem managment.
  NOTE:	Field trips required.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  PWS 440 : Plant Physiology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  PWS 440 : Plant Physiology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
  PREREQUISITE:	GE Biological Science requirement; college chemistry
  RECOMMENDED:	Chem 285; or 351, 352.
  DESCRIPTION:	Photosynthesis, respiration, water relations, mineral nutrition, growth of flowering plants.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
• Complete an additional 7 hours from the general major electives list below. (Recommended for advanced students: PWS 540, 551 and/or PWS 553.)

Eco-business Core Track:
• Complete the following:
  ACC 200 : Principles of Accounting. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  ACC 200 : Principles of Accounting. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  OFFERED:	Independent Study also.
  DESCRIPTION:	Financial and managerial accounting principles. Basic accounting statements, processes, and management applications. Open to all students.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  BUS M 201 : Financial Management. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  BUS M 201 : Financial Management. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
  PREREQUISITE:	Acc 200 or equivalent.
  DESCRIPTION:	Financial statement analysis, financial planning, sources of financing, working capital management, risk and return, and valuation.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  BUS M 241 : Marketing Management. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  BUS M 241 : Marketing Management. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  OFFERED:	Independent Study also.
  WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
  DESCRIPTION:	Marketing's role in society and the firm, marketing opportunities, the consumer market, and management of marketing mix.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  BUS M 371R : Entrepreneurship Lecture Series. (1:1:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  BUS M 371R : Entrepreneurship Lecture Series. (1:1:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
  DESCRIPTION:	Lectures by successful entrepreneurs on subjects significant to entrepreneur-type opportunities.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  ECON 110 : Economic Principles and Problems. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  ECON 110 : Economic Principles and Problems. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  OFFERED:	Honors also.
  WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
  DESCRIPTION:	Strengths and weaknesses of markets and governments for solving problems of social organization or conflict, including policy response to inflation, unemployment, pollution, poverty, growth, etc.
  NOTE:	This course is part of a GE Mosaic. See ge.byu.edu/mosaic-list for more information.

  
            : Honors Economic Principles and Problems.
  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  GEOG 306 : Public Land Conservation. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  GEOG 306 : Public Land Conservation. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
  PREREQUISITE:	Geog 100, 101; or instructor's consent.
  DESCRIPTION:	Environmental and social geography of public lands; analyzing historical, planning, management, and ecological issues.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
  HLTH 322 : Environmental Health. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  
  HLTH 322 : Environmental Health. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)
  

  WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
  DESCRIPTION:	Environmental factors as determinants of human health: ecosystem and population dynamics; biological, chemical, and physical hazards; risk assessment; economic, political, cultural, and genetic factors.

  
  

  Course Outcomes

  
  
  
• Complete an additional 6 hours from the general major electives list below.


Major electives:
BIO 235 : Field Botany. (3:3:6)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

BIO 235 : Field Botany. (3:3:6)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Spring
DESCRIPTION:	Recognition, characteristics, and uses of common trees and shrubs.


Course Outcomes



BIO 370 : Bioethics. (2:1:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

BIO 370 : Bioethics. (2:1:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter
PREREQUISITE:	Introductory biology course.
DESCRIPTION:	In-depth lecture and small group discussion of varied bioethical issues. LDS Church positions emphasized when appropriate.


Course Outcomes



BIO 420 : Evolutionary Biology. (2:2:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

BIO 420 : Evolutionary Biology. (2:2:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 240 & PWS 340
RECOMMENDED:	Concurrent enrollment in Bio 421.
DESCRIPTION:	Intensive examination of evolution as the conceptual cornerstone of biology.


Course Outcomes



BIO 421 : Evolutionary Biology Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

BIO 421 : Evolutionary Biology Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 240
DESCRIPTION:	Hands-on applications and analytical tools of evolutionary biology; emphasizing inference methodology and evidence complementing the theoretical constructs introduced in Bio 520, including comparative anatomy, phylogenetic inference, population genetics, species concepts, and human evolution.
NOTE:	Concurrent enrollment with Bio 420 is strongly recommended.


Course Outcomes



BIO 556 : Limnology. (3:2:4)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

BIO 556 : Limnology. (3:2:4)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	On Demand
PREREQUISITE:	Bio 350, Chem 106; or equivalents.
DESCRIPTION:	Lakes, reservoirs; their biota and physical/chemical properties.


Course Outcomes



BIO 557 : Stream and Wetland Ecology. (4:3:4)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

BIO 557 : Stream and Wetland Ecology. (4:3:4)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall Odd Yrs.
PREREQUISITE:	Bio 350, Chem 106; or equivalent.
DESCRIPTION:	Stream and wetland ecology; their biota and their physical/chemical properties.


Course Outcomes



CHEM 223 : Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis. (4:2:6)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

CHEM 223 : Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis. (4:2:6)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Spring
PREREQUISITE:	CHEM 107; or CHEM 113
DESCRIPTION:	Principles of chemical equilibrium, quantitative chemical measurements, and qualitative detection of selected chemical species.
NOTE:	Primarily for majors in molecular biology and the life sciences.


Course Outcomes



CHEM 481 : Biochemistry. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

CHEM 481 : Biochemistry. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
PREREQUISITE:	CHEM 352M & PDBIO 120; or CHEM 352 & PDBIO 120
DESCRIPTION:	First-semester biochemistry. Molecular components of cells, chemical structure and function, enzymes, metabolic transformations, photosynthesis.
NOTE:	For chemistry majors and students in biological sciences who contemplate pursuing advanced degrees, including medicine.


Course Outcomes



GEOG 101 : Global Environment: Understanding Physical Geography. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

GEOG 101 : Global Environment: Understanding Physical Geography. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
DESCRIPTION:	Physical environment, distribution and interrelationships of climates, landforms, ecosystems and their human significance.


Course Outcomes



GEOG 212 : Introduction to Geographic Information Systems. (3:2:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

GEOG 212 : Introduction to Geographic Information Systems. (3:2:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
DESCRIPTION:	Concepts in the use of small- and large-scale digital map data, emphasizing landscape interpretation and feature description.


Course Outcomes



GEOG 303 : Biogeography. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

GEOG 303 : Biogeography. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
PREREQUISITE:	Geog 100, 101; or instructor's consent.
DESCRIPTION:	Broad-scale distribution of plants and animals. Theoretical and practical applications to conservation and effects of global environmental change.


Course Outcomes



GEOG 310 : Introduction to Urban and Regional Planning. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

GEOG 310 : Introduction to Urban and Regional Planning. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
DESCRIPTION:	Introduction to the profession and practice of urban and regional planning.


Course Outcomes



GEOL 101 : Introduction to Geology. (3:2:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

GEOL 101 : Introduction to Geology. (3:2:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

OFFERED:	Honors also.
WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
DESCRIPTION:	Cultural focus on physical and environmental geology for nonscience majors; rocks and minerals. Field trips.
NOTE:	This course is part of a GE Mosaic. See ge.byu.edu/mosaic-list for more information.


Course Outcomes



MMBIO 221 : General Microbiology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

MMBIO 221 : General Microbiology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

OFFERED:	Honors also.
WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring; Summer
PREREQUISITE:	Any chemistry course and any biology course.
DESCRIPTION:	Microbial world, emphasizing communicable diseases, their causes and control.
NOTE:	Recommended for students seeking a liberal education in microbiology who do not have the prerequisites to take the more advanced courses.


Course Outcomes



MMBIO 240 : Molecular Biology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

MMBIO 240 : Molecular Biology. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
PREREQUISITE:	CHEM 105; Bio 130 or MMBio 151 or PDBio 120.
DESCRIPTION:	Fundamentals of protein and nucleic acid structure and their function in the context of the classical experiments that have informed our current models of biology at the molecular level.


Course Outcomes



MMBIO 241 : Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

MMBIO 241 : Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
PREREQUISITE:	MMBio 240 or concurrent enrollment.
DESCRIPTION:	Molecular and cellular biology techniques laboratory.


Course Outcomes



PHSCS 106 : Introductory Applied Physics. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PHSCS 106 : Introductory Applied Physics. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Summer
PREREQUISITE:	Phscs 105 or equivalent.
RECOMMENDED:	Concurrent enrollment in Phscs 108.
DESCRIPTION:	Continuation of Phscs 105. Topics include electricity and magnetism, atomic and nuclear physics, and optics.


Course Outcomes



PHSCS 107 : Introductory Applied Physics Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PHSCS 107 : Introductory Applied Physics Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
PREREQUISITE:	Phscs 105 or concurrent enrollment.


Course Outcomes



PHSCS 108 : Introductory Applied Physics Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PHSCS 108 : Introductory Applied Physics Laboratory. (1:0:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Summer
PREREQUISITE:	Phscs 106 or concurrent enrollment


Course Outcomes



PWS 100 : Living with Plants. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 100 : Living with Plants. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter
DESCRIPTION:	Introduction to principles of plant function and diversity.
NOTE:	This course is part of a GE Mosaic. See ge.byu.edu/mosaic-list for more information.


Course Outcomes



PWS 225 : Principles of Wildlife and Fisheries Management. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 225 : Principles of Wildlife and Fisheries Management. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
RECOMMENDED:	PWS 115.
DESCRIPTION:	Basic principles of fish and wildlife management, their habitats, and their human users. Ecological concepts, population dynamics, nutrition, behavior, population assessment, management strategies, habitat sampling and management.


Course Outcomes



PWS 275 : Genetics and Reproduction. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 275 : Genetics and Reproduction. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
PREREQUISITE:	Any general biology course.
DESCRIPTION:	Principles of inheritance.


Course Outcomes



PWS 288 : Mentored Laboratory Techniques. (2:.5:1.5)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 288 : Mentored Laboratory Techniques. (2:.5:1.5)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
PREREQUISITE:	CHEM 105
DESCRIPTION:	Mentored, systematic instruction in basic biotechnology techniques and their application in addressing molecular genetic research questions.


Course Outcomes



PWS 330 : Rangeland Plant Identification and Ecology. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 330 : Rangeland Plant Identification and Ecology. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
DESCRIPTION:	Identification, characteristics, phenology, distribution, site adaptation, forage value, and response to management of significant range and pasture plants.


Course Outcomes



PWS 331 : Science of Plant Pest Control. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 331 : Science of Plant Pest Control. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
DESCRIPTION:	Management of plant health problems, namely weed, insect, and disease, through integrated pest management and proper pesticide management and safety.


Course Outcomes



PWS 340 : Genetics. (2:2:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 340 : Genetics. (2:2:1)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall; Winter; Spring
PREREQUISITE:	MMBIO 240
DESCRIPTION:	Genetic mechanisms, their fundamental nature, interactions, and applications to human affairs. Genetics in quantitative terms. Extensive practice in problem solving.


Course Outcomes



PWS 416 : Rangeland Vegetation Improvement. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 416 : Rangeland Vegetation Improvement. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
RECOMMENDED:	PWS 330, 350.
DESCRIPTION:	Habitat improvement for domestic and wild animals. Plant control by mechanical equipment, herbicides, and prescribed fire. Restoration of disturbed lands.
NOTE:	Field trips required.


Course Outcomes



PWS 417 : Rangeland Planning and GIS. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 417 : Rangeland Planning and GIS. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter
RECOMMENDED:	PWS 215, 225, 350.
DESCRIPTION:	Development of a multiple-use natural resource plan for watershed forestry, recreation, wildlife, and livestock. Policies that govern planning and conflict resolution.


Course Outcomes



PWS 431 : Plant Health Diagnostics. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 431 : Plant Health Diagnostics. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall
DESCRIPTION:	Diagnosing plant health problems; pest biology and identification (weed, insect, and disease).


Course Outcomes



PWS 511 : Environmental Biophysics: Soil and Plant Water Relations. (4:3:2)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 511 : Environmental Biophysics: Soil and Plant Water Relations. (4:3:2)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall Odd Yrs.
PREREQUISITE:	Phscs 105 and PWS 282; or equivalents.
DESCRIPTION:	Integrating biological, physical, and chemical processes of water and solute movements through the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum.


Course Outcomes



PWS 514 : Soil Microbiology. (2:2:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 514 : Soil Microbiology. (2:2:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter Odd Yrs.
PREREQUISITE:	Chem 105 and 106; or equivalents.
DESCRIPTION:	Ecology and role of soil microorganisms in biogeochemical cycles, decomposition of organic matter and waste materials, and bioremediation of contaminated soils and water.


Course Outcomes



PWS 540 : Plant Response to the Environment. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 540 : Plant Response to the Environment. (3:3:0)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Fall Even Yrs.
PREREQUISITE:	PWS 440 or equivalent; PWS 494R or concurrent enrollment.
DESCRIPTION:	Advanced plant physiological ecology principles.


Course Outcomes



PWS 551 : Quantitative Ecology. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

PWS 551 : Quantitative Ecology. (3:2:3)(Credit Hours:Lecture Hours:Lab Hours)

WHEN TAUGHT:	Winter Odd Yrs.
PREREQUISITE:	Bio 350 or equivalent; Stat 121 or 511 or concurrent enrollment.
DESCRIPTION:	Quantitative methods for ecological sampling and data analysis.


Course Outcomes

Federal Register Requirements

The federal register requirements for environmental science ecology or physical science emphasis can be met by choosing appropriate electives. Ecology requires 30 semester hours of basic and applied biology, including at least 9 semester hours of ecology and 12 hours of physical and mathematical sciences. Physical science requires 25 semester hours of physical sciences (chemistry, physics, math, etc.)

*Hours include courses that may fulfill university core requirements.

Show all Plant and Wildlife Sciences (PWS) Courses